Surplus

A person whose spouse has died within the tax year and who may file a joint tax return for that year. Additionally, the surviving spouse can file joint returns for the next two years if they remain unmarried and maintain a household as the principal residence for a dependent child.

A financial contract in which two parties agree to exchange streams of payments over a specified period, based on different indices such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, or equity indices, applied to a notional amount. Swaps typically do not involve the exchange of principal.